ECONOMY OVERVIEW
Moldova remains one of the poorest countries in Europe despite recent progress from its small economic base. It enjoys a favorable climate and good farmland but has no major mineral deposits. As a result, the economy depends heavily on agriculture, featuring fruits, vegetables, wine, and tobacco. Moldova must import almost all of its energy supplies. Moldova's dependence on Russian energy was underscored at the end of 2005, when a Russian-owned electrical station in Moldova's separatist Transnistria region cut off power to Moldova and Russia's Gazprom cut off natural gas to Moldova in disputes over pricing. The economy achieved 6% or more GDP growth every year from 2000-05, though this was based largely on consumption fueled by remittances received from Moldovans working abroad. Russia's decision to ban Moldovan wine and agricultural products, coupled with its decision to double the price Moldova paid for Russian natural gas, slowed GDP growth in 2006 and greatly exacerbated Moldova's economic troubles. Economic reforms have been slow because of corruption and strong political forces backing government controls; nevertheless, the government's primary goal of EU integration has resulted in some market-oriented progress. The economy remains vulnerable to higher fuel prices, poor agricultural weather, and the skepticism of foreign investors. Also, the presence of an illegal separatist regime in Moldova's Transnistria region continues to be a drag on the Moldovan economy.
GDP - purchasing power parity:
$9.07 billion (2006 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
4% (2006 est.)
GDP - per capita:
$2,000 (2006 est.)
GDP - by sector (agriculture):
agriculture: 21.5%
GDP - by sector (industry):
industry: 22%
GDP - by sector (services):
services: 56.5% (2006 est.)
Export Partners:
Russia 22.5%, Germany 12%, Italy 10.9%, Romania 10.5%, Ukraine 9.4%, Belarus 5.6% (2006)
Import Partners:
Russia 21.9%, Ukraine 17.8%, Romania 9.6%, Germany 9.2%, Italy 6.4%, Poland 4.6% (2006)
Export Commodities:
foodstuffs, textiles, machinery
Import Commodities:
mineral products and fuel, machinery and equipment, chemicals, textiles
Exports Volume:
$1.02 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Imports Volume:
$2.65 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Labour Force:
1.339 million (2006 est.)
Unemployment Rate:
7.3%; note - roughly 25% of working age Moldovans are employed abroad (2005 est.)
Population below poverty line:
29.5% (2005)
Inflation Rate:
14.1% (2006 est.)
Investment (gross fixed):
24.8% of GDP (2006 est.)
Public Debt:
84.5% of GDP (2006 est.)
Agriculture Products:
vegetables, fruits, wine, grain, sugar beets, sunflower seed, tobacco; beef, milk
Industries:
sugar, vegetable oil, food processing, agricultural machinery; foundry equipment, refrigerators and freezers, washing machines; hosiery, shoes, textiles
Industrial Production Growth Rate:
6.9% (2006 est.)
Electricity - production:
1.229 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - consumption:
4.203 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports:
130 million kWh (2004)
Electricity - imports:
2.9 billion kWh (2005)
Oil - production:
0 bbl/day (2004 est.)
Oil - consumption:
14,000 bbl/day (2004 est.)
Oil - exports:
NA bbl/day
Oil - imports:
NA bbl/day
Natural gas - production:
0 cu m (2004 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
Natural gas - exports:
Natural gas - imports:
Current Account Balance:
-$561 million (2006 est.)
Currency Code:
Moldovan leu (MDL)